Judicial leadership in India has emphasized the urgent imperative for junior lawyers and subordinate judiciary to achieve full digital literacy, leveraging technological infrastructure deployed under Phase III of the e-Courts Mission Mode Project. The initiative modernizes court management, virtual hearings, and institutional data access.
Key Facts & Policy Developments
Subordinate Judiciary Modernization: Emphasized that district and taluk court advocates must transition from paper-heavy practices to electronic filing (e-filing 3.0), digital evidence presentation, and virtual court appearances.
e-Courts Project Phase III: Approved by the Union Cabinet with a financial outlay of ₹7,210 crore over four years, shifting from mere computerisation to a cloud-based, AI-assisted digital justice ecosystem.
Core Objectives: Digital, paperless, and virtual courts; seamless access to justice across remote regions; and integration of legacy court records into searchable digital repositories.
Live Streaming of Court Proceedings: Extended following the landmark judgment in Swapnil Tripathi v. Supreme Court of India (2018) upholding access to justice as part of Article 21.
Institutional Pillars of Digital Justice
National Judicial Data Grid (NJDG): A comprehensive real-time database tracking case pendency, institution, and disposal across the Supreme Court, High Courts, and 18,000+ district and subordinate courts.
Inter-operable Criminal Justice System (ICJS): Integrates data between police (CCTNS), forensic laboratories, courts (e-Courts), prosecutors (e-Prosecution), and prisons (e-Prisons).
SUVAS (Supreme Court Vidhik Anuvaad Software): An indigenous AI-powered machine learning tool designed to translate judicial orders and judgments into regional languages, including Tamil.
Static GK Linkages
Constitutional Status of Subordinate Courts: Governed under Articles 233 to 237 in Chapter VI of Part VI of the Constitution of India. Under Article 235, High Courts exercise administrative control over subordinate courts.
E-Committee, Supreme Court of India: The governing body overseeing technological planning and implementation of the e-Courts Project across the country.
Test yourself
Mains Questions (1)
115 Marks250 Words
Evaluate the transformative potential and systemic challenges of e-Courts Project Phase III in dismantling pendency bottlenecks and ensuring equitable access to justice in India.
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