Key Facts
The Unified Payments Interface (UPI), which completes 10 years in August, is characterised as a resounding success story, having recorded a cumulative 24,162 crore transactions. Looking back over the decade, the instant payment system has transformed everyday retail payments across urban and rural India, enabling interoperable real-time transfers between bank accounts via mobile apps.
GK Context
UPI, launched by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) in 2016, is built atop the Immediate Payment Service (IMPS) and uses a 'Virtual Payment Address' to let users link multiple bank accounts to a single mobile application without sharing account details. Its interoperability (any UPI app can transact with any bank) distinguishes it from earlier closed-loop wallets. UPI has since been extended internationally to countries including Singapore, the UAE, France, Sri Lanka, Mauritius, Nepal and Bhutan, positioning India as a leader in real-time digital payment infrastructure.
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