Key Facts

Details of the Tamil Nadu Government notification on 11-12 November 2026:

  • Fatality Relief Doubled: Ex-gratia compensation for death resulting from wild animal attack raised from ₹5 lakh to ₹10 lakh.
  • Grievous Injury Compensation: Solatium for permanent disability enhanced from ₹1 lakh to ₹3 lakh.
  • Crop & Livestock Cover: Compensation ceilings for crop damage and cattle mortality caused by carnivores and megaherbivores augmented.
  • High-Risk Corridors: Enhanced safeguards implemented across Valparai, Gudalur, Sathyamangalam, and Dharmapuri forest divisions.
  • Tech Interventions: Expansion of AI-powered camera traps across the Madukkarai-Walayar railway stretch to prevent elephant-train collisions.

GK Context

  • Human-Wildlife Conflict (HWC) is governed under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, which accords statutory protection to schedule animals.
  • Under Section 11 of the Act, the Chief Wildlife Warden (CWLW) of a state is vested with exclusive authority to declare a Schedule-I animal dangerous to human life and permit capture or culling under stringent statutory conditions.
  • Fragmented migration corridors and land-use changes along forest fringes remain primary drivers of conflict.

Static GK

  • Tamil Nadu is home to five Tiger Reserves: Kalakkad Mundanthurai, Anamalai, Mudumalai, Sathyamangalam, and Srivilliputhur-Megamalai.
  • Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve was previously conferred the prestigious international TX2 award for doubling its wild tiger population.

UPSC Mains Framework

GS Paper III (Biodiversity Conservation & Environmental Ethics): Analyze the ecological and anthropogenic drivers of human-wildlife conflict along Western Ghats fringe settlements. Evaluate the efficacy of compensatory mechanisms versus landscape-level habitat corridor conservation.