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🌿 Environment & Ecology UPSC 13 Nov 2026 1 min read

Scientists Identify New Deep-Sea Shark 'Echinorhinus roinee' off Kerala Coast

Quiz (3) Mains (1) Comments

Researchers from the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) and ICAR-CMFRI confirmed Echinorhinus roinee (Indian Bramble Shark) as a distinct Indian Ocean species from specimens caught off Sakthikulangara Fishing Harbour in Kollam, Kerala. Backed by the Deep Ocean Mission, mitochondrial DNA barcoding separated the species from its Atlantic relative.

Key Facts

Species Discovered: Echinorhinus roinee (Indian Bramble Shark), published in *Records of the ZSI*, Vol. 126, Issue 1S (2026).
Collection Site: Accidental bycatch from deep-sea shrimp trawlers at Sakthikulangara Fishing Harbour, Kollam district, Kerala (depth: 350–450 m; grows up to 3 m).
Etymology: Named *roinee* in honour of Roinee, daughter of ZSI Director Dr. Dhriti Banerjee.
Methodology & Funding: Mitochondrial DNA barcoding distinguished it from the Atlantic bramble shark (*Echinorhinus brucus*) and Pacific prickly shark (*Echinorhinus cookei*); funded by MoES under the Deep Ocean Mission.

GK Context

Deep Ocean Mission (DOM): Launched by the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) to explore deep-sea resources, biodiversity, and manned submersible capabilities (Samudrayaan / Matsya 6000).
ICAR-CMFRI is headquartered in: Kochi, Kerala, and ZSI is headquartered in Kolkata, West Bengal (founded in 1916).

Static GK

Zoological Survey of India (ZSI): Founded on 1 July 1916; HQ: Kolkata (under MoEFCC).
ICAR-CMFRI: Established in 1947; HQ: Kochi, Kerala.

Mains Analytical Framework

Marine Taxonomy & Bycatch Conservation: DNA barcoding resolves cryptic species misidentifications and informs deep-sea fishery management.

Test yourself

Mains Questions (1)

1 15 Marks 250 Words

Discuss the ecological significance of deep-sea marine biodiversity in the northern Indian Ocean. Outline the technological and policy interventions required under India's Deep Ocean Mission for sustainable marine conservation.

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